The National Grange of the Order of Patrons of Husbandry

The 108th Congress Energy Bill Comparison

 

Side-by-Side Comparison; Senate Bill, House Bill, and Grange Policy

Item
S. 14
H.R. 6
Grange Policy

ANWR
(Arctic National Wildlife Refuge)

No provision
Calls for opening the 1.5-million-acre coastal plain in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge to oil and gas leasing, exploration and production. The bill was amended on the floor to limit the surface area of "production and support facilities" to 2,000 acres, similar to the bill in the 107th Congress.
Favors the complete utilization of petroleum and the other mineral resources, including the exploration and production of oil reserves on the coastal plain of the Arctic national Wildlife Refuge.
Alaska Natural Gas Pipeline
Provides a $10 billion loan guarantee to construct a 2,000 mile natural gas pipeline to bring Alaskan natural gas into the Lower 48 states. An estimated 35 trillion cubic feet of natural gas could be shipped into U.S. markets. It would prohibit the so-called northern route into northern Canada.
Authorizes construction of a natural gas pipeline from the Alaskan North Slope to the Lower 48 states, but does not include a federal loan guarantee program. It would permit the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission to issue a construction permit for only the so-called southern route through Alaska, prohibiting line from running through Canada above 68 degrees North latitude.
Supports a national energy policy that will encourage the development of all forms of domestic energy.
Coal
$1.9 billion in tax breaks for "clean coal" development.

Provides $2 billion for the Bush administration's Clean Coal Power Initiative, authorizing $200 million annually for the project through 2011, with an additional $200 million per year through 2006 for further coal energy research and development.

Permits coal companies in the Powder River Basin of Wyoming and Montana to acquire additional federal lands without competitive bidding and to be eligible for royalty relief.

Favors a greater use of coal while protecting agriculture, water, and timber resources from any adverse effects.

Opposes any regulation or law that eliminates coal company liability for subsidence damage to structures caused by underground mining.

Electricity

The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission and Federal Trade Commission would be required to increase consumer protections and to improve their oversight of market transactions. The Public Utility Holding Company Act would be repealed. It would expand federal regulation over transmission rates to include public power, federal power agencies, and rural cooperatives. It does not address trading strategies to manipulate energy markets that took place in the West Coast energy crisis of 2000-2001.

Utilities would be required to generate 10 percent of their electricity from renewable energy sources by 2020.

Repeals the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act with modifications; eliminates mandatory purchase requirement with exceptions for cogeneration; directs utilities to provide real-time pricing and net-metering services; amends Federal Power Act to define Tennessee Valley Authority and federal power marketing agencies as electric utilities.

Grants the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission and Department of Energy more authority over power line siting process on public lands; gives FERC final "backstop" authority in power line siting process when states do not act; does not allow states to opt out of FERC's standard market design (SMD), but includes "native load" protections for utilities with fixed electricity loads; repeals the Public Utility Holding Company Act; repeals the requirement in the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978 that utilities buy renewable or cogeneration power that is above market prices; leaves FERC merger review authority intact; encourages "voluntary" participation in regional transmission organizations (RTOs) for private and public utilities, including the Tennessee Valley Authority and the Bonneville Power Administration.

Includes a major concession sought by Southern and Western states to prevent FERC from expanding its authority over transmission and from issuing a rule to create a national electricity market. The bill would bring public power and federal power utilities under minimal FERC review.

Urges Congress to allow the states to draft legislation regarding deregulation of the power industry within their state. Supports legislation assuring all classes of consumers have universal access to electric service, with no exception to rural America.

Supports reform to the Public Utilities Regulatory Policies Act, so that non-utility generating stations operate to sell their output to competitive market rates and eliminate the oppressive rates being passed on to the consumer.

Supports the present federal Power Marketing Administrations.Opposes the forced deregulation of the publicly owned power industry to repair an entity that is not broken.

CAFE(Corporate Average Fuel Economy)

Gives the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration 15 months to propose tougher corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards.

The Transportation Department would be required to issue new regulations increasing fuel economy standards, taking into account 13 specific criteria such as jobs and safety.

On fuel economy for cars and light trucks, the bill authorizes an additional $5 million to help the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration implement and enforce federal fuel economy standards for model years 2004 to 2006; directs the National Academy of Sciences to perform another study on the "feasibility and effects" of significantly improving fuel economy by 2012; asks NAS to recommend alternatives to the current federal fuel economy law, which requires NHTSA to set annual CAFE standards for cars and light trucks. Also directs researchers to aim for fuel economy targets of 80 miles per gallon for passenger vehicles by 2010 and 60 miles per gallon for light trucks by the same date.
Opposes establishing unrealistic new fuel economy standards. Instead, we support legislation to direct the U.S. Secretary of Transportation to set fuel economy standards at their maximum feasible level, taking into account technical feasibility, safety, and the economic impact to the public.
Ethanol/Renewable Fuels

Federal fleets must purchase at least 10 percent ethanol-blended gasoline.

Bans methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE), state exemptions possible;eliminates Clean Air Act 2 percent oxygenate mandate; 5 billion gallon renewable fuels mandate by 2012, with bank and trade program; prevents air pollution backsliding by strengthening EPA's 2001 mobile source toxic rule.

The renewable fuels standard (RFS) title includes a large-scale mandate for renewable fuel additives in gasoline, a mostly pro-ethanol scenario that would require 2.7 billion gallons to be used in the nation's fuel supply by 2005, ramped up to 5 billion gallons in 2015. Continues to allow the use of gasoline additive methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) in states that have not moved to ban the suspected carcinogen and groundwater contaminant. Contains a significant transition package for the MTBE industry, including the authorization of up to $250 million a year in grants from 2004 to 2006. Also continues to provide a safe harbor exemption for MTBE producers, helping them avoid costly defective product liability lawsuits. That exemption would also apply to ethanol producers.

The RFS section also eliminates the Clean Air Act 2 percent oxygenate standard, a requirement that has meant many pollution-plagued states seeking to ban MTBE cannot do so without either gaining a federal waiver or finding an alternative. It includes a credit system that is aimed to ensure that areas without a sufficient ethanol infrastructure are not obliged to use it.

Supports increased development and use of ethanol and ethyl tertiary butyl ether (ETBE) in gasoline blends with adequate income tax incentives to make the production and use of ethanol and ETBE economically feasible.

Supports the goal of at least a 10% blend of ethanol to be used in at least 50% of all gasoline's sold for motor fuel to be made available in all states.

Encourages an investigation as to why ethanol blended fuels raised in price at the same rate as conventional petroleum products.

Supports concept thereof requiring the nation's fuels to contain a renewable component (Biodiesel and or Ethanol).

Hydroelectric Provisions

Allows administration to review any party's suggestions for alternative conditions dictating dam operations or construction of fishways, but requires administration to approve conditions submitted by licensee so long as the conditions meet mandatory environmental protection conditions.

Increases Bonneville Power Administration's borrowing authority from the administration's FY '03 budget request of $700 million to $1.3 billion.

Expedites the process by which hydroelectric projects achieve permits to operate; calls for license applicants to have "an agency trial-type hearing of any disputed issues"; authorizes $10 million for incentives; encourages efficiency improvements; calls for studies into increased hydroelectric generation at federal facilities and increasing electric power production.

Supports the preference concept of the Federal Power Act being granted to public power utilities in the licensing and relicensing of federal hydroelectric facilities.

Support granting co-preference in the licensing and relicensing of federal hydroelectric facilities to rural electric cooperatives.

Opposes any change in the 1937 congressional Bonneville Power Administration repayment agreement.

Renewable Energy

Almost 40 new renewable energy research and development programs would be launched. Authorizations would reach $733 million in fiscal 2006 with a four-year total of $2.5 billion.

Electricity suppliers must generate 10 percent of power from renewable energy sources by 2020.

Government must buy 7.5 percent of its energy from renewables by 2010.

The cost of renewable energy credits to help companies satisfy the RPS will cost 1.5 cents per kilowatt hour.

Authorizes $1.7 billion through 2007 for renewable energy research, development, demonstration and commercial application activities; establishes a net metering policy; authorizes the Renewable Energy Production Incentive through 2023, in which the Department of Energy will give 60 percent of appropriated funds to solar, wind, geothermal, or closed-loop biomass technologies facilities if the budget would not fully fund production from all qualified renewable energy facilities in any given year; calls for a two-year study by the Interior and Agriculture departments on opportunities to develop renewable energy on public lands. Also calls for Interior to contract a three-month study on the potential for the development of wind, solar and ocean energy on the outer continental shelf, assess existing federal authorities to develop such resources, and recommend statutory and regulatory mechanisms for such development. Calls for an additional three-month review by DOE of the available assessments of renewable energy resources available within the United States, and new assessments as necessary.

Supports a national energy policy that will encourage the development of all forms of domestic energy, traditional and alternative, including solar, wind, geothermal, ethanol, surf, shale, tar sands, hydroelectric, agricultural products, wastes, peat, wood, coal, coal gasification, oil, natural gas, nuclear, hydrogen, biodiesel and methanol in an environmentally sound manner without exploiting our parks and wildernesses in order to reduce our dependence on foreign oil.

Supports legislation to establish solid waste-to-energy plants that will produce power that can be accessed by public utility districts, rural electric cooperatives, and municipal utilities in an environmentally safe manner.

Hydrogen
Research and development (R&D) for production, storage and fuel-cell programs.
Provides $1.8 billion for the Bush administration's FreedomCar program and the related FreedomFuel initiative. Unveiled in February 2002, FreedomCar is a public-private research effort aimed at helping U.S. automakers overcome barriers to development of commercially viable fuel cell-powered passenger cars. The hydrogen fuel initiative aims to helping the energy industry meet significant challenges associated with developing a nationwide hydrogen fueling network to support fuel cells.
Urges the repeal of laws and regulations that have blocked or discouraged United States' energy production by private enterprise
Nuclear Policies

DOE will aggressively pursue construction of a new nuclear power plant by 2010.

Establishes a DOE Office of Spent Nuclear Fuel Research.

Reauthorizes the Price-Anderson nuclear liability insurance program for commercial nuclear power plants through 2012. DOE facilities would receive permanent authorization.

Authorizes $1.7 billion for nuclear energy research, development, demonstration, and commercial application activities through 2007; authorizes the Nuclear Energy Plant Optimization Program, Nuclear Power 2010 program and Advanced fuel recycling technology; reauthorizes the Price-Anderson Act through 2017 for Nuclear Regulatory Commission licensees, Energy Department contractors and nonprofit educational institutions; increases maximum assessment for nuclear reactors from $10 million to $15 million; establishes process for secure transfer of nuclear materials; calls for a NRC study on nuclear power plant security; authorizes carrying of firearms by NRC employees; requires a DOE study and a report to Congress on the feasibility of deep borehole disposal of spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste, emphasizing geological, chemical and hydrological characterization of deep borehole environments.

Supports a policy that will encourage the development of all forms of domestic energy, including nuclear.

Urges greater research toward safer disposal of nuclear waste.

Supports the careful selection by the Department of Energy of sites for the disposal of low level nuclear wastes, excluding prime agricultural, forest, and park land.

Urges that the public be involved in the decision to conduct additional research on the long-term consequences to the environment of the disposal of nuclear wastes.

Urges the Department of Energy to conduct an extensive educational program to inform citizens of the safeguards and hazards that are involved in the disposal of these wastes.

Indian Lands
A new program at the Energy Department would be established to assist tribes in developing energy resources on tribal lands. Indian tribes could lease land and rights of way directly without review by Interior for each project.
Streamlines leases and right-of-way approval for siting energy projects in Indian lands.
Supports legislation to impose a statute of limitations on land claims of not more than 40 years on legal actions that are taken by Indian nations to recover land they sold or otherwise exchanged.
Taxes
Includes $15 billion in tax incentives over 10 years weighted toward production. The bill would encourage production of oil, gas, nuclear power, coal, renewables, the purchase of energy efficient appliances, homes and buildings, hybrid vehicles, fuel cells and combined heat and power systems.
The $18.1 billion package includes: credits for marginal well oil and gas production; temporary repeal of the alternative minimum tax for "intangible" drilling or development costs; incentives for nonconventional source production, including from oil shale, tar sands, coal seams and landfills; and delays for rental payments and exploration cost expenses. Also includes credits, ranging from $500 to $3,000 per vehicle, for qualified hydrogen fuel cell and new advanced lean burn technology vehicles. Provides tax credits for purchase of solar systems, fuel cell electricity generation, home and business energy efficiency improvements and combined heat and power systems.

Supports legislation which would provide federal tax credits or tax deductions to growers or grower co-operatives who build or own ethanol production facilities.

Opposes increasing the federal gasoline tax for purposes other than the Highway Trust Fund.

Supports legislation to enact tax incentives to manufacturers of blended fuels to expand and develop more refineries for the use of farm commodities.

Urges Congress to maintain tax policies that will preserve the ability of this nation to find and produce domestic oil and gas resources. We oppose any increase in the oil import fee or the domestic crude oil fee.

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